Root words – The Female reproductive system

Learn with examples for Root words: Amnio, cervico, chorio, colpo, culdo, endometrio, galacto, gyneco, hystero, mammo, omphalo, oophoro, ovulo, perineo, puerpero, salpingo, vulvo.

(o) – combining vowel

Amni(o) – Amnion

Cervic(o) – cervix/neck

Chori(o) – chorion

Colp(o) / vagin(o) – vagina

Culd(o) – retrouterine pouch (cul-de-sac)

Endometri(o) – endometrium

Galact(o) – milk

Gynec(o)/gyn(o) – woman, female

Hyster(o) / Uter(o) – uterus

Mamm(o) or Mast(o) – breast

Omphal(o) / umbilic(o) – umbilicus

Oophor(o) – ovary

Ovul(o) – ovum or egg

Perine(o) – perineum

Puerper(o) – childbirth

Salping(o) – fallopian tube

Vulv(o) / Episi(o) – vulva

Amniocentesis: It is a medical procedure in which amniotic fluid is removed from the uterus for testing or treatment.

59000 Amniocentesis; diagnostic

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Amniocele: It is a herniation of the amniotic sac through a uterine defect.

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Amniotomy: An amniotomy, also known as artificial rupture of membranes (AROM) is a procedure in which a woman’s amniotic membrane is ruptured prior to or during the labor process.

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Cervicoplasty: A plastic surgery to the neck or to the cervix of the uterus.

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Cervicoscopy: It refers to the visual examination of the cervix.

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Cervicotomy: An incision into the neck or the cervix of the uterus.

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Choriocarcinoma: A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus.

C58 Malignant neoplasm of placenta

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Colpocele: A hernia projecting into the vagina.

N81.5 Vaginal enterocele

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Colpitis: Inflammation of the vagina.

N76.0 Acute vaginitis

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Colpopexy: Suture of a prolapsed vagina to the abdominal wall.

57282 Colpopexy, vaginal; extra-peritoneal approach (sacrospinous, iliococcygeus

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Colpoplasty: A plastic surgery of the vagina.

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Colporrhagia: It refers to hemorrhage from the vagina.

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Vaginectomy: A surgical procedure to remove all or part of the vagina.

57106 Vaginectomy, partial removal of vaginal wall

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Culdocentesis: A procedure in which fluid is aspirated from the retrouterine pouch via the vagina using a needle.

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Culdoscopy: It is an endoscopic procedure performed to examine the rectouterine pouch through the posterior vaginal wall.

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Endometriosis: It is a painful condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus.

N80.9 Endometriosis, unspecified

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Endometrioma: A tumor containing endometrial tissue.

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Endometritis: Inflammation of the endometrium.

N71.9 Inflammatory disease of uterus, unspecified

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Galactocele: It is a milk filled retention cyst due to blockade of a lactiferous duct.

N64.89 Other specified disorders of breast

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Galactophoritis: Inflammation of the milk ducts.

N61.0 Mastitis without abscess

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Galactorrhea: It refers to milky breast discharge that happens in women who aren’t pregnant or breast feeding.

O92.6 Galactorrhea

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Gynecomastia: It is an enlargement or swelling of breast tissue in males.

N62 Hypertrophy of breast

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Gynophobia: It is defined as an intense and irrational fear of women.

F40.291 Gynephobia

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Gynecopathy: Any disease that affects women.

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Hysteralgia: Pain in the uterus.

N94.89 Other specified conditions associated with female genital organs and menstrual cycle

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Hysterectomy: Surgical procedure to remove all or part of the uterus.

58260 Vaginal hysterectomy, for uterus 250 g or less

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Hysteritis: Inflammation of the uterus.

N71.9 Inflammatory disease of uterus, unspecified

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Hysteroscopy: The examination of the uterus using a hysteroscope.

58555 Hysteroscopy, diagnostic (separate procedure)

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Uterotomy/ Hysterotomy: Surgical incision into the uterus.

59100 Hysterotomy, abdominal (eg, for hydatidiform mole, abortion)

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Uteroplasty / Hysteroplasty: It is a reconstructive surgery used to repair congenital anomalies of the uterus.

58540 Hysteroplasty, repair of uterine anomaly (Strassman type)

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Mammogram: An X-ray of the breast that can detect tumors or abnormalities in the breast tissue.

R92.8 other abnormal and inconclusive findings on diagnostic imaging of breast

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Mammoplasty: It refers to plastic surgery of a breast to alter its shape or size.

19324 Mammaplasty, augmentation; without prosthetic implant

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Mastitis: Inflammation of the breasts.

N61.0 Mastitis without abscess

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Mastodynia: Pain in the breast.

N64.4 Mastodynia

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Mastopexy: It is commonly referred as “breast lift” is a surgical procedure designed to improve the appearance of sagging breasts.

19316 Mastopexy

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Omphalocele: It is a rare birth defect in which abdominal organs protrude through an opening in muscles in the area of the umbilical cord.

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Omphalectomy: Surgical excision of the navel.

49250 Umbilectomy, omphalectomy, excision of umbilicus (separate procedure)

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Omphalitis: Inflammation of the umbilicus.

P38.9 Omphalitis without hemorrhage

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Omphalotomy: It is the medical procedure that involves the cutting of the umbilical cord after childbirth.

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Oophoritis: Inflammation of the ovaries.

N70.93 Salpingitis and oophoritis, unspecified

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Oophorectomy: Surgical removal of one or both ovaries.

58925 Ovarian cystectomy, unilateral or bilateral

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Oophorocystosis: It refers to formation of an ovarian cyst.

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Ovulation: It refers to the release of an egg during menstruation in females.

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Perineocele: A hernia in the perineal region, either between the rectum and the vagina or the rectum and the bladder, or alongside the rectum.

N81.81 Perineocele

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Perineoplasty: It: It is a plastic surgery used to correct the clinical conditions of the vagina and the anus.

56810 Perineoplasty, repair of perineum, nonobstetrical (separate procedure)

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Perineorrhaphy: It refers to suture of the perineum usually to repair a laceration occurring during labor.

57250 Posterior colporrhaphy, repair of rectocele with or without Perineorrhaphy

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Perineotomy: It refers to surgical incision of the perineum.

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Puerperal fever: A fever caused by uterine infection following childbirth.

O86.4 Pyrexia of unknown origin following delivery

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Puerperal sepsis: It is defined as infection of the genital tract occurring at labor or within 42 days of the postpartum period.

O85 Puerperal sepsis

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Salpingitis: Inflammation of the fallopian tubes.

N70.91 Salpingitis, unspecified

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Salpingocele: Hernia of a fallopian tube.

N83.4 Prolapse and hernia of ovary and fallopian tube

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Salpingectomy: It refers to surgical removal of a fallopian tube.

58700 Salpingectomy, complete or partial, unilateral or bilateral (separate procedure)

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Salpingo-oophorectomy: Surgical removal of a fallopian tube and an ovary.

58720 Salpingo-oophorectomy, complete or partial, unilateral or bilateral (separate procedure)

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Vulvodynia: A persistent, unexplained pain in the vulva.

N94.81 Vulvodynia

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Vulvoplasty: It is a gender-affirming, lower body surgery that creates the vulva (including mons, labia, clitoris, and urethral opening) and removal of penis, scrotum, and testes.

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Vulvectomy: Surgical removal in which the vulva is partly or completely removed.

56625 Vulvectomy simple; complete

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Vulvitis: Inflammation of the vulva.

N76.2 Acute Vulvitis

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Episiorrhaphy: The suturing of the vulva to repair injury.

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Happy learning! Happy coding!

References:

Medical Terminology Basics